Mark

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:14a):

Καὶ παράγων εἶδεν Λευὶν τὸν τοῦ Ἁλφαίου καθήμενον ἐπὶ τὸ τελώνιον

Transliteration:

Kai paragōn eiden Leuin ton tou Halphaiou kathēmenon epi to telōnion

Translation (ESV)

And as he passed by, he saw Levi the son of Alphaeus sitting at the tax booth

Analysis (Zerwick):

παράγων : participle of παράγω lead past ; intransitive go past, pass by.
Λευὶν τὸν τοῦ Ἁλφαίου : Levi the (son) of Alphaeus.
καθήμενον : participle of κάθημαι sit.
ἐπί : at, by.
τελώνιον : (< τέλος dues, taxes) custom house, revenue office.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:14b):

καὶ λέγει αὐτῷ· ἀκολούθει μοι

Transliteration:

kai legei autō̧; akolouthei moi

Translation (ESV)

and he said to him, "Follow me."

Analysis (Zerwick):

ἀκολούθει : imperative of ἀκολουθέω follow as a disciple.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:14c):

καὶ ἀναστὰς ἠκολούθησεν αὐτῷ

Transliteration:

kai anastas ēkolouthēsen autō̧

Translation (ESV)

And he rose and followed him

Analysis (Zerwick):

ἀναστάς : getting up, aorist (intransitive) participle of ἀνίστημι.
ἠκολούθησεν : aorist of ἀκολουθέω follow.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:15a):

Καὶ γίνεται κατακεῖσθαι αὐτὸν ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ αὐτοῦ

Transliteration:

Kai ginetai katakeisthai auton en tȩ̄ oikia̧ autou

Translation (ESV)

And as he reclined at table in his house

Analysis (Zerwick):

γίνεται : historic present for the usual ἐγένετο with accusative + infinitive, Greek construction "almost certainly indicates deliberate imitation of the LXX" (BG §389).
κατακεῖσθαι : infinitive of κατάκειμαι recline at table, dine.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:15b):

καὶ πολλοὶ τελῶναι καὶ ἁμαρτωλοὶ συνανέκειντο τῷ Ἰησοῦ καὶ τοῖς μαθηταῖς αὐτοῦ

Transliteration:

kai polloi telōnai kai hamartōloi synanekeinto tō̧ Iēsou kai tois mathētais autou

Translation (ESV)

many tax collectors and sinners were reclining with Jesus and his disciples

Analysis (Zerwick):

τελώνης : tax-collector, customs officer, who bought (ὠνέομαι) the right to collect taxes (τέλος) and was hated for undue extortion, especially when a Jew and as such in addition despised for collaboration with the Roman overlords.
ἁμαρτωλός : sinner, especially those who did not observe the Law strictly.
συνανέκειντο imperfect of συνανάκειμαι (τινι) recline at table/dine with (one).

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:15c):

ἦσαν γὰρ πολλοὶ καὶ ἠκολούθουν αὐτῷ.

Transliteration:

ēsan gar polloi kai ēkolouthoun autō̧.

Translation (ESV)

for there were many who followed him.

Analysis (Zerwick):

ἦσαν γὰρ πολλοί : for there were many (of them).
ἠκολούθουν : imperfect, who followed him ; sometimes taken with following words, and there followed him also the scribes...

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:16):

καὶ οἱ γραμματεῖς τῶν Φαρισαίων ἰδόντες ὅτι ἐσθίει μετὰ τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν καὶ τελωνῶν ἔλεγον τοῖς μαθηταῖς αὐτοῦ· ὅτι μετὰ τῶν τελωνῶν καὶ ἁμαρτωλῶν ἐσθίει;

Transliteration:

kai hoi grammateis tōn Pharisaiōn idontes hoti esthiei meta tōn hamartōlōn kai telōnōn elegon tois mathētais autou; hoti meta tōn telōnōn kai hamartōlōn esthiei?

Translation (ESV)

And the scribes of the Pharisees, when they saw that he was eating with sinners and tax collectors, said to his disciples, "Why does he eat with tax collectors and sinners?"

Analysis (Zerwick):

οἱ γραμματεῖς τῶν Φαρισαίων : not all Pharisees were scribes [[variant γραμματεῖς καί Φαρισαῖοι]]*
ἰδόντες : aorist participle of ὁράω see.
ἐσθίει : present as if direct speech.
ὅτι = "..., unless it is a possible abbreviation for τί ὅτι; why is it that.
ἐσθίει; [[variant add καὶ πίνει]]**

*2.15–16 αὐτῷ. καὶ οἱ γραμματεῖς τῶν Φαρισαίων ἰδόντες {C} The more unusual expression οἱ γραμματεῖς τῶν Φαρισαίων is to be preferred, since the tendency of scribes would have been to insert καί after οἱ γραμματεῖς under the influence of the common expression “the scribes and the Pharisees.” Since in the Gospels the verb ἀκολουθεῖν is used of Jesus’ disciples, never of those who were hostile to him, a full stop should follow αὐτῷ. Unmindful of this usage, copyists transferred the stop to follow πολλοί and inserted καί before ἰδόντες.
**2.16 ἐσθίει {B} The addition of καὶ πίνει is a natural accretion inserted by copyists, perhaps under the influence of the parallel passage in Lk 5.30. The shorter reading, which is strongly supported by B D W al, was followed by Matthew, who added ὁ διδάσκαλος ὑμῶν (Mt 9.11), an expression that, in turn, was adopted in Mk 2.16 by the scribes of C L Δ ƒ13 al.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:17):

καὶ ἀκούσας ὁ Ἰησοῦς λέγει αὐτοῖς [ὅτι] οὐ χρείαν ἔχουσιν οἱ ἰσχύοντες ἰατροῦ ἀλλ᾿ οἱ κακῶς ἔχοντες· οὐκ ἦλθον καλέσαι δικαίους ἀλλὰ ἁμαρτωλούς.

Transliteration:

kai akousas ho Iēsous legei autois [hoti] ou chreian echousin hoi ischyontes iatrou all’ hoi kakōs echontes; ouk ēlthon kalesai dikaious alla hamartōlous.

Translation (ESV)

And when Jesus heard it, he said to them, "Those who are well have no need of a physician, but those who are sick. I came not to call the righteous, but sinners."

Analysis (Zerwick):

ἀκούσας : aorist participle of ἀκούω hear.
χρεία : need.
ἰσχύοντες : participle of ἰσχύω be strong, i.e., well.
ἰατρός : physician.
οἱ κακῶς ἔχοντες : (participle) those who are ill.
καλέσαι : aorist infinitive of καλέω call.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:18a):

Καὶ ἦσαν οἱ μαθηταὶ Ἰωάννου καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι νηστεύοντες. καὶ ἔρχονται καὶ λέγουσιν αὐτῷ· διὰ τί οἱ μαθηταὶ Ἰωάννου καὶ οἱ μαθηταὶ τῶν Φαρισαίων νηστεύουσιν, οἱ δὲ σοὶ μαθηταὶ οὐ νηστεύουσιν;

Transliteration:

Kai ēsan hoi mathētai Iōannou kai hoi Pharisaioi nēsteuontes. kai erchontai kai legousin autō̧; dia ti hoi mathētai Iōannou kai hoi mathētai tōn Pharisaiōn nēsteuousin, hoi de soi mathētai ou nēsteuousin?

Translation (ESV)

Now John's disciples and the Pharisees were fasting. And people came and said to him, "Why do John's disciples and the disciples of the Pharisees fast, but your disciples do not fast?"

Analysis (Zerwick):

νηστεύοντες : fast ; ἦσαν νηστεύοντες periphrastic imperfect.
σός : your (singular).

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:19a):

καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς· μὴ δύνανται οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ νυμφῶνος ἐν ᾧ ὁ νυμφίος μετ᾿ αὐτῶν ἐστιν νηστεύειν;

Transliteration:

kai eipen autois ho Iēsous; mē dynantai hoi huioi tou nymphōnos en ō̧h ho nymphios met’ autōn estin nēsteuein?

Translation (ESV)

And Jesus said to them, "Can the wedding guests fast while the bridegroom is with them?"

Analysis (Zerwick):

μή : interrogative particle expecting the answer "No" ; "the ... guests can't fast, can they?" i.e. "can the wedding guests fast ... ?"
νυμφών, -ῶνος, ὁ : wedding hall, house where a wedding is being celebrated ; οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ νυμφῶνος the wedding guests.
ἐν ᾧ : (sc. χρόνῳ) when, while.
νυμφίος : bridegroom.
νηστεύειν : infinitive of νηστεύω fast.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:19b):

ὅσον χρόνον ἔχουσιν τὸν νυμφίον μετ᾿ αὐτῶν οὐ δύνανται νηστεύειν.

Transliteration:

hoson chronon echousin ton nymphion met’ autōn ou dynantai nēsteuein.

Translation (ESV)

As long as they have the bridegroom with them, they cannot fast.

Analysis (Zerwick):

χρόνος : time ; ὅσον χρόνον accusative of duration, as long as ; repetition of the idea in parallel clause = Semitism.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:20):

ἐλεύσονται δὲ ἡμέραι ὅταν ἀπαρθῇ ἀπ᾿ αὐτῶν ὁ νυμφίος, καὶ τότε νηστεύσουσιν ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ.

Transliteration:

eleusontai de hēmerai hotan aparthȩ̄ ap’ autōn ho nymphios, kai tote nēsteusousin en ekeinȩ̄ tȩ̄ hēmera̧.

Translation (ESV)

The days will come when the bridegroom is taken away from them, and then they will fast in that day.

Analysis (Zerwick):

ἐλεύσονται : future of ἔρχομαι come.
ἡμέραι : Hebraism denoting a time.
ὅταν : (with subjunctive) when referring to the future.
ἀπαρθῇ : aorist passive subjunctive of ἀπαίρω take away.
νηστεύσουσιν : future of νηστεύω fast.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:21a):

Οὐδεὶς ἐπίβλημα ῥάκους ἀγνάφου ἐπιράπτει ἐπὶ ἱμάτιον παλαιόν

Transliteration:

Oudeis epiblēma rhakous agnaphou epiraptei epi himation palaion

Translation (ESV)

No one sews a piece of unshrunk cloth on an old garment.

Analysis (Zerwick):

ἐπίβλημα : patch.
ῥάκος : piece of cloth.
ἄγναφος : unmilled, unshrunk.
ἐπιράπτω : sew on.
ἱμάτιον : cloak (outer) garment.
παλαιός : old.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:21b):

εἰ δὲ μή, αἴρει τὸ πλήρωμα ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ τὸ καινὸν τοῦ παλαιοῦ καὶ χεῖρον σχίσμα γίνεται.

Transliteration:

ei de mē, airei to plērōma ap’ autou to kainon tou palaiou kai cheiron schisma ginetai.

Translation (ESV)

If he does, the patch tears away from it, the new from the old, and a worse tear is made.

Analysis (Zerwick):

εἰ δὲ μή : otherwise, i.e. "if he does" (sew new on old).
πλήρωμα : fullness, complement ; here of a patch as filling up a hole, piece added ; understand 21b thus: the piece added (τὸ πλήρωμα) tears (literally takes) away from it (αἴρει ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ) viz. the new patch from the old garment...
καινός : new.
χείρων : worse.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Mark 2:22a):

καὶ οὐδεὶς βάλλει οἶνον νέον εἰς ἀσκοὺς παλαιούς

Transliteration:

kai oudeis ballei oinon neon eis askous palaious

Translation (ESV)

And no one puts new wine into old wineskins.

Analysis (Zerwick):

οἶνος : wine.
ἀσκός : a leather bag, especially wineskin.