Ephesians

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 3:10):

ἵνα γνωρισθῇ νῦν ταῖς ἀρχαῖς καὶ ταῖς ἐξουσίαις ἐν τοῖς ἐπουρανίοις διὰ τῆς ἐκκλησίας ἡ πολυποίκιλος σοφία τοῦ θεοῦ

Transliteration (Accordance):

hina gnōristhȩ̄ nyn tais archais kai tais exousiais en tois epouraniois dia tēs ekklēsias hē polypoikilos sophia tou theou

Translation (ESV)

so that through the church the manifold wisdom of God might now be made known to the rulers and authorities in the heavenly places.

Analysis (Zerwick):

γνωρισθῇ : aorist passive subjunctive of γνωρίζω verse 3.
ταῖς ἀρχαῖς καὶ ταῖς ἐξουσίαις : of cosmic spiritual powers, rulers and authorities.
ἐπουράνιος : 1:3.
πολυποίκιλος : variegated ; with many aspects, manifold.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 3:11):

κατὰ πρόθεσιν τῶν αἰώνων ἣν ἐποίησεν ἐν τῷ Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ τῷ κυρίῳ ἡμῶν,

Transliteration (Accordance):

hina gnōristhȩ̄ nyn tais archais kai tais exousiais en tois epouraniois dia tēs ekklēsias hē polypoikilos sophia tou theou

Translation (ESV)

This was according to the eternal purpose that he has realized in Christ Jesus our Lord,

Analysis (Zerwick):

πρόθεσις : purpose 1:11, πρόθεσιν τῶν αἰώνων eternal purpose "Hebrew genitive"*
ἐποίησεν : here, realized, accomplished, aorist of ποιέω.

*The "Hebrew" genitive. Of the types of genitive commonly listed by grammarians, the one which approaches most closely the "general" genitive is the "attributive" or "qualitative" one, also called the "Hebrew" genitive, inasmuch as its scope and use in Biblical Greek is extended, owing to Semitic influence, to many expressions in which the Greeks used not a genitive but an adjective (BG §40).

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 3:12):

ἐν ᾧ ἔχομεν τὴν παρρησίαν καὶ προσαγωγὴν ἐν πεποιθήσει διὰ τῆς πίστεως αὐτοῦ.

Transliteration:

en hō̧ echomen tēn parrēsian kai prosagōgēn en pepoithēsei dia tēs pisteōs autou.

Translation (ESV)

in whom we have boldness and access with confidence through our faith in him.

Analysis (Zerwick):

παρρησία : (< πᾶς + ῥῆσις full liberty of speech) boldness, complete assurance.
προσαγωγή : free access.
πεποίθησις : (πέποιθα trust) confidence, assurance.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 3:13):

διὸ αἰτοῦμαι μὴ ἐγκακεῖν ἐν ταῖς θλίψεσίν μου ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν, ἥτις ἐστὶν δόξα ὑμῶν.

Transliteration:

dio aitoumai mē egkakein en tais thlipsesin mou hyper hymōn, hētis estin doxa hymōn.

Translation (ESV)

So I ask you not to lose heart over what I am suffering for you, which is your glory.

Analysis (Zerwick):

διό : inferential conjunction therefore.
αἰτοῦμαι : I pray that (you) do not ... or I beg (you) not to ... or (for himself) I pray not to...
ἐγκακεῖν : infinitive of ἐγκακέω lose heart.
ἐν : over.
θλῖψις : (< θλίβω press) tribulation, suffering.
ἥτις : agreeing with predicate but translate inasmuch as.
δόξα : here reason for glorying, source of pride.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 3:14):

Τούτου χάριν κάμπτω τὰ γόνατά μου πρὸς τὸν πατέρα,

Transliteration:

Toutou charin kamptō ta gonata mou pros ton patera,

Translation (ESV)

For this reason I bow my knees before the Father,

Analysis (Zerwick):

Verse 14 introduces the prayer which Paul was on the point of beginning in verse 1.
τούτου χάριν : verse 1.
κάμπτω : bend.
γόνυ, -ατος, τό : knee.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 3:15):

ἐξ οὗ πᾶσα πατριὰ ἐν οὐρανοῖς καὶ ἐπὶ γῆς ὀνομάζεται

Transliteration:

ex hou pasa patria en ouranois kai epi gēs onomazetai

Translation (ESV)

from whom every family in heaven and on earth is named

Analysis (Zerwick):

πατριά : family in widest sense, with stress on its ultimate common paternity, ?including the hierarchies of spiritual beings, πᾶσα πατριά without article every family.
ὀνομάζεται : passive of ὀνομάζω name.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 3:16):

ἵνα δῷ ὑμῖν κατὰ τὸ πλοῦτος τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ δυνάμει κραταιωθῆναι διὰ τοῦ πνεύματος αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν ἔσω ἄνθρωπον

Transliteration:

hina dō̧ hymin kata to ploutos tēs doxēs autou dynamei krataiōthēnai dia tou pneumatos autou eis ton esō anthrōpon

Translation (ESV)

that according to the riches of his glory he may grant you to be strengthened with power through his Spirit in your inner being

Analysis (Zerwick):

ἵνα : indicating content of his pray, that.
δῷ : aorist subjunctive of δίδωμι give.
πλοῦτος : verse 8.
δυνάμει : instrumental dative, with power.
κραταιωθῆναι : aorist passive infinitive of κραταιόω strengthen.
εἰς : may be the solitary instance where Paul uses it for ἐν but εἰς may we'll be (as in verse 3): with a view to, for the renewal of the inner man (cf 2 Cor 4:16).

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 3:17):

κατοικῆσαι τὸν Χριστὸν διὰ τῆς πίστεως ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν, ἐν ἀγάπῃ ἐρριζωμένοι καὶ τεθεμελιωμένοι

Transliteration:

katoikēsai ton Christon dia tēs pisteōs en tais kardiais hymōn, en agapȩ̄ errizōmenoi kai tethemeliōmenoi

Translation (ESV)

so that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith ― that you, being rooted and grounded in love

Analysis (Zerwick):

κατοικῆσαι : aorist infinitive of κατοικέω dwell.
ἐρριζωμένοι : rooted, perfect passive participle of cause to root.
τεθεμελιωμένοι : perfect passive participle of θεμελιόω found, metonymy base ; the nominatives detached from the syntax, must be understood as according with the sense.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 3:18):

ἵνα ἐξισχύσητε καταλαβέσθαι σὺν πᾶσιν τοῖς ἁγίοις τί τὸ πλάτος καὶ μῆκος καὶ ὕψος καὶ βάθος

Transliteration:

hina exischysēte katalabesthai syn pasin tois hagiois ti to platos kai mēkos kai hypsos kai bathos

Translation (ESV)

may have strength to comprehend with all the saints what is the breadth and length and height and depth

Analysis (Zerwick):

ἐξισχύσητε : aorist subjunctive of ἐξισχύω (ἐξ- perfective) be strong enough/equal to.
καταλαβέσθαι : aorist middle infinitive of καταλαμβάνω seize, apprehend ; also mentally, grasp.
τί : indirect; supply ἐστί.
πλάτος : width.
μῆκος : length.
ὕψος : height.
βάθος : depth.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 3:19):

γνῶναί τε τὴν ὑπερβάλλουσαν τῆς γνώσεως ἀγάπην τοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἵνα πληρωθῆτε εἰς πᾶν τὸ πλήρωμα τοῦ θεοῦ

Transliteration:

gnōnai te tēn hyperballousan tēs gnōseōs agapēn tou Christou, hina plērōthēte eis pan to plērōma tou theou

Translation (ESV)

and to know the love of Christ that surpasses knowledge, that you may be filled with all the fullness of God.

Analysis (Zerwick):

γνῶναι : aorist infinitive of γινώσκω know.
ὑπερβάλλουσαν : participle of ὑπερβάλλω (τινός) exceed, surpass (something).
γνῶσις : knowledge.
πληρωθῆτε : aorist passive subjunctive of πληρόω fill.
εἰς : to the extent of.
πλήρωμα : fulness.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 3:20):

Τῷ δὲ δυναμένῳ ὑπὲρ πάντα ποιῆσαι ὑπερεκπερισσοῦ ὧν αἰτούμεθα ἢ νοοῦμεν κατὰ τὴν δύναμιν τὴν ἐνεργουμένην ἐν ἡμῖν

Transliteration (Accordance):

Tō̧ de dynamenō̧ hyper panta poiēsai hyperekperissou hōn aitoumetha ē nooumen kata tēn dynamin tēn energoumenēn en hēmin

Translation (TNIV)

Now to him who is able to do immeasurably more than all we ask or imagine, according to his power that is at work within us

Analysis (Zerwick):

ὁ δυνάμενος : participle (of δύναμαι) he who is able.
ποιῆσαι : aorist infinitive of ποιέω to do.
ὑπερεκπερισσοῦ : adverb : beyond all measure ; with genitive far more than.
νοέω : think, conceive in the mind.
ἐνεργουμένην : middle participle of ἐνεργέω be at work.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 3:21):

αὐτῷ ἡ δόξα ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ καὶ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ εἰς πάσας τὰς γενεὰς τοῦ αἰῶνος τῶν αἰώνων, ἀμήν.

Transliteration (Accordance):

autō̧ hē doxa en tȩ̄ ekklēsia̧ kai en Christō̧ Iēsou eis pasas tas geneas tou aiōnos tōn aiōnōn, amēn.

Translation (TNIV)

to him be glory in the church and in Christ Jesus throughout all generations, for ever and ever! Amen.

Analysis (Zerwick):

αὐτῷ : to him (be).
γενεά : generation verse 5.
εἰς πάσας τὰς γενεὰς τοῦ αἰῶνος τῶν αἰώνων : from generation to generation for evermore.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 4:1):

Παρακαλῶ οὖν ὑμᾶς ἐγὼ ὁ δέσμιος ἐν κυρίῳ ἀξίως περιπατῆσαι τῆς κλήσεως ἧς ἐκλήθητε

Transliteration (Accordance):

Parakalō oun hymas egō ho desmios en kyriō̧ axiōs peripatēsai tēs klēseōs hēs eklēthēte

Translation (ESV)

I therefore, a prisoner for the Lord, urge you to walk in a manner worthy of the calling to which you have been called

Analysis (Zerwick):

δέσμιος : prisoner.
ἀξίως : with genitive worthily of.
περιπατῆσαι : aorist infinitive of περιπατέω, in ethical sense of behave, live.
κλῆσις : call, vocation.
ἧς : attracted from ᾗ.*
ἐκλήθητε : aorist passive of καλέω call.

*BG: In general, as in classical Greek, the relative is attracted from the accusative into another oblique case (...), but in Hellenistic usage the principle of attraction is often extended to a relative which otherwise would be in the (local, instrumental) dative.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 4:2):

μετὰ πάσης ταπεινοφροσύνης καὶ πραΰτητος, μετὰ μακροθυμίας, ἀνεχόμενοι ἀλλήλων ἐν ἀγάπῃ

Transliteration (Accordance):

meta pasēs tapeinophrosynēs kai prautētos, meta makrothymias, anechomenoi allēlōn en agapȩ̄

Translation (ESV)

with all humility and gentleness, with patience, bearing with one another in love

Analysis (Zerwick):

ταπεινοφροσύνη : humility.
πᾶσα ταπεινοφροσύνη : without article all humility.
μακροθυμία : (long temper) patience.
ἀνεχόμενοι : participle of ανέχομαι (τινος) bear/put up with (one) ; participle agreeing with the logical subject of περιπατῆσαι.

[John Reece]

NA27 Text (Ephesians 4:3):

σπουδάζοντες τηρεῖν τὴν ἑνότητα τοῦ πνεύματος ἐν τῷ συνδέσμῳ τῆς εἰρήνης

Transliteration (Accordance):

spoudazontes tērein tēn henotēta tou pneumatos en tō̧ syndesmō̧ tēs eirēnēs

Translation (ESV)

eager to maintain the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace.

Analysis (Zerwick):

σπουδάζοντες : participle of σπουδάζω be eager, do everything to.
τηρεῖν : infinitive of τηρέω keep, preserve.
ἑνότης, -ητος, ἡ : unity, i.e. of all members in the Spirit.
σύνδεσμος : bond, both as fettering (Acts 8:23) as as cementing (here).