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How does the book of 1 Enoch contribute to our understanding of the Millennium?

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  • How does the book of 1 Enoch contribute to our understanding of the Millennium?

    There are several places in 1 Enoch that sound similar to Revelation 20. Here are a few passages.

    18:12. And beyond that abyss I saw a place which had no firmament of the heaven above, and no firmly founded earth beneath it: there was no water upon it, and no birds, but it was a waste and horrible place. 13. I saw there seven stars like great burning mountains, and to me, when I inquired regarding them, 14. The angel said: 'This place is the end of heaven and earth: this has become a prison for the stars and the host of heaven. 21:6. These are of the number of the stars of heaven, which have transgressed the commandment of the Lord, and are bound here till ten thousand years, the time entailed by their sins, are consummated.' 21:10 'This place is the prison of the angels, and here they will be imprisoned for ever.'
    It appears that 1 Enoch is alluded to in the NT.

    cf. Mat 25:41, 1 Pe 3:19-20, 2 Pet 2:4, Jud 1:6

    Enoch mentions the abyss and imprisoned angels that rebelled, similar to the way Satan is imprisoned in the bottomless pit (9:1,2,11 11:7 17:8 20:1,3). Seven stars and seven mountains are mentioned in Enoch (cf. Rev 1:16,20 2:1 3:1 8:8 17:9). Rather than 1000, 10000 years are mentioned. Should this imagery affect our understanding of the millennium, considering Enoch is mentioned in the NT? Should the seven mountains be considered seven Roman emperors (Rev 17:9)?
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  • #2
    The fact that 1 Enoch is cited in the New Testament is not a stamp of approval on its Divine Inspiration.

    Consider this: Paul cites text from the Assumption of Moses; twice he quotes Epimenides' Ode to Zeus. His references to Jannes & Jambres (2 Timothy 3:8) is from an apocryphal book, according to Origen.

    Other books are cited in the Old Testament which no longer exist. Book of Jasher (or Upright; 2 Samuel 1:18); Book of the Wars of the Lord (Numbers 21:14-15), etc.

    Do I believe the archangel Michael disputed with Satan over the body of Moses? Do I believe that three hundred angels had sex with women and produced giant offspring thousands of feet tall? No. I think Jude and Paul were citing these stories in the same manner that preachers today cite Pilgrim's Progress or those multitude of glurge stories.
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    • #3
      Originally posted by Faber View Post
      The fact that 1 Enoch is cited in the New Testament is not a stamp of approval on its Divine Inspiration.

      Consider this: Paul cites text from the Assumption of Moses; twice he quotes Epimenides' Ode to Zeus. His references to Jannes & Jambres (2 Timothy 3:8) is from an apocryphal book, according to Origen.

      Other books are cited in the Old Testament which no longer exist. Book of Jasher (or Upright; 2 Samuel 1:18); Book of the Wars of the Lord (Numbers 21:14-15), etc.

      Do I believe the archangel Michael disputed with Satan over the body of Moses? Do I believe that three hundred angels had sex with women and produced giant offspring thousands of feet tall? No. I think Jude and Paul were citing these stories in the same manner that preachers today cite Pilgrim's Progress or those multitude of glurge stories.
      Right. I have seen the argument previously advanced on TWeb that this quotation proves that Enoch was the actual author of the book, but this is a totally untenable position; the book appeared three or four centuries before Christ.
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      • #4
        Originally posted by eschaton View Post
        There are several places in 1 Enoch that sound similar to Revelation 20. Here are a few passages.



        It appears that 1 Enoch is alluded to in the NT.

        cf. Mat 25:41, 1 Pe 3:19-20, 2 Pet 2:4, Jud 1:6

        Enoch mentions the abyss and imprisoned angels that rebelled, similar to the way Satan is imprisoned in the bottomless pit (9:1,2,11 11:7 17:8 20:1,3). Seven stars and seven mountains are mentioned in Enoch (cf. Rev 1:16,20 2:1 3:1 8:8 17:9). Rather than 1000, 10000 years are mentioned. Should this imagery affect our understanding of the millennium, considering Enoch is mentioned in the NT? Should the seven mountains be considered seven Roman emperors (Rev 17:9)?
        If it's a source of the imagery used, it should absolutely be used to assist in understanding what has been canonized. It would be foolish to limit one's study to the words quoted. When Jesus quoted the opening lines of Psalm 22 on the cross, he was certainly not intending those listening to only pick up on the words quoted.
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        • #5
          Originally posted by Faber View Post
          The fact that 1 Enoch is cited in the New Testament is not a stamp of approval on its Divine Inspiration.

          Consider this: Paul cites text from the Assumption of Moses; twice he quotes Epimenides' Ode to Zeus. His references to Jannes & Jambres (2 Timothy 3:8) is from an apocryphal book, according to Origen.

          Other books are cited in the Old Testament which no longer exist. Book of Jasher (or Upright; 2 Samuel 1:18); Book of the Wars of the Lord (Numbers 21:14-15), etc.

          Do I believe the archangel Michael disputed with Satan over the body of Moses? Do I believe that three hundred angels had sex with women and produced giant offspring thousands of feet tall? No. I think Jude and Paul were citing these stories in the same manner that preachers today cite Pilgrim's Progress or those multitude of glurge stories.
          Further in I Chronicles 29:29 the Book of Samuel the Seer, Book of Nathan the Prophet, and the Book of Gad the Seer are all cited.

          Likewise, on Mars' Hill Paul quotes the Greek poet Aratus' Phaenomena in Acts 17:28, Menander's Thais in I Corinthians 15:33 and, in Titus 1:12, "One of the Cretans, a prophet of their own" (identified as Epimenides by Clement of Alexandria in his Stromata). Further when Paul refers to kicking against the pricks or goads in Acts 26:14 that term comes from Aeschylus' Agamemnon.

          Obviously that doesn't mean Christians should therefore consider Phaenomena, Thais, Agamemnon and whichever of Epimenides' works are divinely inspired

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          • #6
            questions

            If I understand the comments, we shouldn't limit our consideration to the verses quoted, and 1 Enoch isn't necessarily inspired. Okay. Does the similar imagery and ideas in the NT mean anything? If no then I don't understand why. If yes, then what?
            BTW, thanks for the comments.
            Last edited by eschaton; 01-13-2019, 09:55 AM. Reason: additional thoughts
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            • #7
              Originally posted by eschaton View Post
              If I understand the comments, we shouldn't limit our consideration to the verses quoted, and 1 Enoch isn't necessarily inspired. Okay. Does the similar imagery and ideas in the NT mean anything? If no then I don't understand why. If yes, then what?
              BTW, thanks for the comments.
              Inter-testamental Jewish literature is as legitimate a source of NT imagery. ideas, and doctrine as the OT. Whether a book is part of the OT, is totally irrelevant to whether or not there is a sound basis for judging that it influenced the NT.

              If Jude thought that 1 Enoch was inspired - and by normal Fundamentalist logic, his quoting the words of 1 Enoch 1.9 in Jude 14-15 would be taken as proof that Enoch, before the Flood, had been moved by God to predict the false teachers deplored by Jude, and would be reckoned as “fulfilment of prophecy” - then so be it. There is no *Biblical* reason why Jude “must have” accepted as canonical all and only the books accepted as canonical by later traditions in Christianity. What the Council of Carthage, or the Westminster Confession, or the Council of Florence, may have taught about the extent of the canon, could not be more totally irrelevant, because the text that needs explaining is not what any of those say, but what Jude says.

              It is totally, totally, totally, totally illegitimate to require the Biblical texts to say or mean what later Jewish or Christian orthodoxies want, need, imagine or would like them to mean. All that matters, is to discover, as accurately as possible, what the most accurate possible text of a passage means. The purpose of finding what a passage means, is never ever to validate or shore up a favourite doctrine or dogma, but to deal honestly and truthfully with the text.

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