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This is where we come to delve into the biblical text. Theology is not our foremost thought, but we realize it is something that will be dealt with in nearly every conversation. Feel free to use the original languages to make your point (meaning Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic). This is an exegetical discussion area, so please limit topics to purely biblical ones.

This is not the section for debates between theists and atheists. While a theistic viewpoint is not required for discussion in this area, discussion does presuppose a respect for the integrity of the Biblical text (or the willingness to accept such a presupposition for discussion purposes) and a respect for the integrity of the faith of others and a lack of an agenda to undermine the faith of others.

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Proverbs

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  • Proverbs 4:7b

    Text (BHS):
    וּבְכָל־קִנְיָנְךָ קְנֵה בִינָה

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    ûḇᵉḵol-qinyānḵā qᵉnêh ḇı̂nāh

    Translation (TNIV):
    Though it cost all you have, get understanding.

    Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
    וּבְכָל־קִנְיָנְךָ (ûḇᵉḵol-qinyānḵā) : conj. וּ (û) + prep. בְּ (ḇᵉ) + construct of כֹּל (kōl) + noun קִנְיָן (qinyān) + pronominal 2 m.s. suffix : with (or at the price of) all that you have acquired (BDB).
    קְנֵה בִינָה (qᵉnêh ḇı̂nāh) : Qal imperative 2 m.s. of קָנָה (qānāh) + noun בִּינָה (bı̂nāh) : get understanding.

    Comment


    • Proverbs 4:8a

      Text (BHS):
      סַלְסְלֶהָ וּתְרוֹמְמֶךָּ

      Transliteration (Accordance):
      salsᵉlehā ûṯᵉrômᵉmeḵā

      Translation (TNIV):
      Cherish her, and she will exalt you

      Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
      סַלְסְלֶהָ (salsᵉlehā) : Pilpel imperative 2 m.s. of סָלַל (sālal) + pronominal 3 f.s. suffix : cherish her.
      וּתְרוֹמְמֶךָּ (ûṯᵉrômᵉmeḵā) : conj. וּ (û) + Polel imperfect 3 f.s. of רוּם (rûm) + pronominal 2 m.s. suffix : and she will exalt you.

      Comment


      • Proverbs 4:8b

        Text (BHS):
        תְּכַבֵּדְךָ כִּי תְחַבְּקֶנָּה

        Transliteration (Accordance):
        tᵉḵabbēḏᵉḵā kı̂ ṯᵉḥabbᵉqennā

        Translation (TNIV):
        embrace her, and she will honor you.

        Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
        תְּכַבֵּדְךָ (tᵉḵabbēḏᵉḵā) : Piel imperfect 3 f.s. of כָּבֵד (kāḇēḏ) + 2 m.s. suffix : she will honor you.
        כִּי (kı̂) : "Enunciating the conditions under which a future action is possible Proverbs 4:8b" (BDB) if.
        תְחַבְּקֶנָּה (ṯᵉḥabbᵉqennā) : Piel imperfect 2 m.s. of חָבַק (ḥāḇaq) + pronominal 3 f.s. suffix : you embrace her.

        Comment


        • Proverbs 4:9a

          Text (BHS):
          תִּתֵּן לְרֹאשְׁךָ לִוְיַת־חֵן

          Transliteration (Accordance):
          tittēn lᵉrōʾšḵā liwyaṯ-ḥēn

          Translation (TNIV):
          She will place on your head a fair garland

          Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
          תִּתֵּן (tittēn) : Qal imperfect 3 f.s. of נָתַן (nāṯan) : she will place.
          לְרֹאשְׁךָ (lᵉrōʾšḵā) : prep. לְ (lᵉ) + noun רֹאשׁ (rōʾš) + pronominal 2 m.s. suffix : on your head.
          לִוְיַת־חֵן (liwyaṯ-ḥēn) : construct of לִוְיָה (liwyāh) + חֵן (ḥēn) : a garland of grace.

          Comment


          • Proverbs 4:9b

            Text (BHS):
            עֲטֶרֶת תִּפְאֶרֶת תְּמַגְּנֶךָּ

            Transliteration (Accordance):
            ʿᵃṭereṯ tip̱ʾereṯ tᵉmaggᵉneḵā

            Translation (TNIV):
            and present you with a glorious crown.

            Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
            עֲטֶרֶת (ʿᵃṭereṯ) : construct of עֲטָרָה (ʿᵃṭārāh) : a crown of.
            תִּפְאֶרֶת (tip̱ʾereṯ) : absolute of תִּפְאָרָה (tip̱ʾārāh) : glory.
            תְּמַגְּנֶךָּ (tᵉmaggᵉneḵā) : Piel imperfect 3 f.s. of מָגַן (māg̱an) + pronominal 2 m.s. suffix : she will present you.

            Comment


            • Proverbs 4:10a

              Text (BHS):
              שְׁמַע בְּנִי וְקַח אֲמָרָי

              Transliteration (Accordance):
              šᵉmaʿ bᵉnı̂ wᵉqaḥ ʾᵃmārāy

              Translation (TNIV):
              Listen, my son, accept what I say

              Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
              שְׁמַע בְּנִי (šᵉmaʿ bᵉnı̂) : Qal imperative 2 m.s. of שָׁמַע (šāmaʿ) + noun בֵּן (bēn) + pronominal 1 c.s. suffix : listen, my son.
              וְקַח אֲמָרָי (wᵉqaḥ ʾᵃmārāy) : conj. וְ (wᵉ) + Qal imperative 2 m.s of לָקַח (lāqaḥ) + plural of אֵמֶר (ʾēmer) + pronominal 1 c.s. suffix : and accept my words.

              Comment


              • Proverbs 4:10b

                Text (BHS):
                וְיִרְבּוּ לְךָ שְׁנוֹת חַיִּים

                Transliteration (Accordance):
                wᵉyirbû lᵉḵā šᵉnôṯ ḥayyı̂m

                Translation (TNIV):
                and the years of your life will be many.

                Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                וְיִרְבּוּ לְךָ (wᵉyirbû lᵉḵā) : conj. וְ (wᵉ) + Qal imperfect 3 m.p. of רָבָה (rāḇāh) + prep. לְ (lᵉ) + pronominal 2 m.s. suffix : and will be multiplied to you.
                שְׁנוֹת חַיִּים (šᵉnôṯ ḥayyı̂m) : construct of שָׁנָה (šānāh) + noun חַיִּים (ḥayyı̂m) : years of life.

                Comment


                • Proverbs 4:11a

                  Text (BHS):
                  בְּדֶרֶךְ חָכְמָה הֹרֵתִיךָ

                  Transliteration (Accordance):
                  bᵉḏereḵ ḥoḵmâ hōrēṯı̂ḵā

                  Translation (TNIV):
                  I instruct you in the way of wisdom

                  Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                  בְּדֶרֶךְ חָכְמָה (bᵉḏereḵ ḥoḵmâ) : prep. בְּ (bᵉ) + construct דֶּרֶךְ (dereḵ) + noun חָכְמָה (ḥoḵmâ) : in the way of wisdom.
                  הֹרֵתִיךָ (hōrēṯı̂ḵā) : Hiphil perfect 1 c.s. of הֹרֵתִיךָ (hōrēṯı̂ḵā)* plus pronominal 2 m.s. suffix : I instruct you.
                  *Instantaneous perfective (BHS, p. 488, §30.5.1d).

                  Comment


                  • Proverbs 4:11b

                    Text (BHS):
                    הִדְרַכְתִּיךָ בְּמַעְגְּלֵי־יֹשֶׁר

                    Transliteration (Accordance):
                    hiḏraḵtı̂ḵā bᵉmaʿgᵉlê-yōšer

                    Translation (Waltke):
                    I lead you (see note in verset A) along straight tracks.

                    Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                    הִדְרַכְתִּיךָ (hiḏraḵtı̂ḵā) : Hiphil perfect 1 c.s. of דָּרַךְ (dāraḵ) + pronominal 2 m.s. suffix : I lead you.
                    בְּמַעְגְּלֵי־יֹשֶׁר (bᵉmaʿgᵉlê-yōšer) : prep. בְּ (bᵉ) + plural construct of מַעְגָּל (maʿgāl) + noun יֹשֶׁר (yōšer) : in the paths of uprightness.

                    Comment


                    • Proverbs 4:12a

                      Text (BHS):
                      בְּלֶכְתְּךָ לֹא־יֵצַר צַעֲדֶךָ

                      Transliteration (Accordance):
                      bᵉleḵtᵉḵā lōʾ-yēṣar ṣaʿᵃḏeḵā

                      Translation (Waltke):
                      When you walk, your step* will not be hampered
                      *In the singular ṣaʿaḏ is not used as a collective The LXX (cf 5:5), Syriac, and Vulgate read plural.

                      Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                      בְּלֶכְתְּךָ (bᵉleḵtᵉḵā) : prep. בְּ (bᵉ) + Qal infinitive construct of הָלַךְ (hālaḵ) + 2 m.s. suffix : when you walk.
                      צַעֲדֶךָ (ṣaʿᵃḏeḵā) : masculine singular noun צַעַד (ṣaʿaḏ) + pronominal 2 m.s. suffix : your step.
                      לֹא־יֵצַר (lōʾ-yēṣar) : negation לֹא (lōʾ) + Qal imperfect 3 m.s. of צָרַר (ṣārar) : will not be hampered.

                      Comment


                      • Proverbs 4:12b

                        Text (BHS):
                        וְאִם־תָּרוּץ לֹא תִכָּשֵׁל

                        Transliteration (Accordance):
                        wᵉʾim-tārûṣ lōʾ ṯikkāšēl

                        Translation (Waltke):
                        and if you run, you will not stumble.*
                        *The meaning of the root can be denominated by the ideas of striking, stumbling, or falling; but it can also combine two or even three of these ideas (C. Barth, TDOT, 7:353, s.v. kšl).

                        Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                        וְאִם־תָּרוּץ (wᵉʾim-tārûṣ) : conj. וְ (wᵉ) + hypothetical particle אִם (ʾim) + Qal imperfect 2 m.s. of רוּץ (rûṣ) : and if you run.
                        לֹא תִכָּשֵׁל (lōʾ ṯikkāšēl) : negation לֹא (lōʾ) + Niphal imperfect 2 m.s. of כָּשַׁל (kāšal) : you will not stumble.

                        Comment


                        • Proverbs 4:13a

                          Text (BHS):
                          הַחֲזֵק בַּמּוּסָר אַל־תֶּרֶף

                          Transliteration (Accordance):
                          haḥᵃzēq bammûsār ʾal-terep̱

                          Translation (TNIV):
                          Hold on to instruction, do not let it go

                          Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                          הַחֲזֵק (haḥᵃzēq) : Hiphil imperative 2 m.s. חָזַק (ḥāzaq) : keep hold.
                          בַּמּוּסָר (bammûsār) : prep. בְּ (bᵉ) + definite article + noun מוּסָר (mûsār) : of instruction.
                          אַל־תֶּרֶף (ʾal-terep̱) : negation אַל (ʾal) + Hiphil imperfect 2 m.s. jussive of רָפָה (rāp̱āh) : do not let go.

                          Comment


                          • Proverbs 4:13b

                            Text (BHS):
                            נִצְּרֶהָ כִּי־הִיא חַיֶּיךָ

                            Transliteration (Accordance):
                            niṣṣᵉrehā kı̂-hı̂ʾ ḥayyêḵā

                            Translation (TNIV):
                            guard it well, for it is your life.

                            Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                            נִצְּרֶהָ (niṣṣᵉrehā) : Qal imperative 2 m.s. of נָצַר (nāṣar) + pronominal 3 f.s. suffix : guard it.
                            כִּי־הִיא חַיֶּיךָ (kı̂-hı̂ʾ ḥayyêḵā) : conj. כִּי (kı̂) + personal pronoun 3 f.s. הִיא (hı̂ʾ) + plural abstract חַיִּים (ḥayyı̂m) + pronominal 2 m.s suffix : for it [is] your life.

                            Comment


                            • Proverbs 4:14a

                              Text (BHS):
                              בְּאֹרַח רְשָׁעִים אַל־תָּבֹא

                              Transliteration (Accordance):
                              bᵉʾōraḥ rᵉšāʿı̂m ʾal-tāḇōʾ

                              Translation (Waltke):
                              Do not enter the path of the wicked*
                              *In chapters 1-9 the LXX renders rāšāʿ by asebēs (2:22; 3:25; 3:33; 4:14, 19; 9:7), emphasizing the lack of relationship with God, not their unethical activity toward their fellow humans. In 5:22 it uses anēr.

                              Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                              בְּאֹרַח רְשָׁעִים (bᵉʾōraḥ rᵉšāʿı̂m) : prep. בְּ (bᵉ) + construct אֹרַח (ʾōraḥ) + plural of רָשָׁע (rāšāʿ) : in the path of the wicked.
                              אַל־תָּבֹא (ʾal-tāḇōʾ) : negation אַל (ʾal) + Qal imperfect of בּוֹא (bôʾ) : do not enter.

                              Comment


                              • Proverbs 4:14b

                                Text (BHS):
                                וְאַל־תְּאַשֵּׁר בְּדֶרֶךְ רָעִים

                                Transliteration (Accordance):
                                wᵉʾal-tᵉʾaššēr bᵉḏereḵ rāʿı̂m

                                Translation (Waltke):
                                and do not take strides in the way of evil men.

                                Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                                וְאַל־תְּאַשֵּׁר (wᵉʾal-tᵉʾaššēr) : conj. וְ (wᵉ) + negation אַל (ʾal) + Piel imperfect 2 m.s of אָשַׁר (ʾāšar) : and do not walk.
                                בְּדֶרֶךְ רָעִים (bᵉḏereḵ rāʿı̂m) : prep. בְּ (bᵉ) + construct דֶּרֶךְ (dereḵ) + plural of רַע (raʿ) : in the way of evil men.

                                Comment

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