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This is where we come to delve into the biblical text. Theology is not our foremost thought, but we realize it is something that will be dealt with in nearly every conversation. Feel free to use the original languages to make your point (meaning Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic). This is an exegetical discussion area, so please limit topics to purely biblical ones.

This is not the section for debates between theists and atheists. While a theistic viewpoint is not required for discussion in this area, discussion does presuppose a respect for the integrity of the Biblical text (or the willingness to accept such a presupposition for discussion purposes) and a respect for the integrity of the faith of others and a lack of an agenda to undermine the faith of others.

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Daniel: Hebrew and Aramaic

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  • #46
    Daniel 1:17a (Hebrew)

    Text (BHS):
    וְהַיְלָדִים הָאֵלֶּה אַרְבַּעְתָּם

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    wᵉhayᵉlāḏı̂m hāʾēlleh ʾarbaʿtām

    Translation (WEB):
    Now as for these four youths

    Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
    וְהַיְלָדִים (wᵉhayᵉlāḏı̂m) : conj. וְ (wᵉ) + definite article + plural of יֶלֶד (yeleḏ) : and as for ... youths
    הָאֵלֶּה (hāʾēlleh) : definite article + m.p. demonstrative adjective : these.
    אַרְבַּעְתָּם (ʾarbaʿtām) : numeral אַרְבָּעָה (ʾarbāʿāh) + pronominal 3 m.p. suffix : four.

    Comment


    • #47
      Daniel 1:17b (Hebrew)

      Text (BHS):
      נָתַן לָהֶם הָאֱלֹהִים מַדָּע

      Transliteration (Accordance):
      nāṯan lāhem hāʾᵉlōhı̂m maddāʿ

      Translation (WEB):
      God gave them knowledge

      Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
      הָאֱלֹהִים (hāʾᵉlōhı̂m) : definite article + אֱלֹהִים (ʾᵉlōhı̂m) : [the] God.
      נָתַן (nāṯan) : Qal perfect 3 m.s. : gave.
      לָהֶם (lāhem) : prep. לְ (lᵉ) + pronominal 3 m.p. suffix : to them.
      מַדָּע (maddāʿ) : understanding (HALOT).

      Comment


      • #48
        Daniel 1:17c (Hebrew)

        Text (BHS):
        וְהַשְׂכֵּל בְּכָל־סֵפֶר וְחָכְמָה

        Transliteration (Accordance):
        wᵉhaśkēl bᵉḵol-sēp̱er wᵉḥoḵmâh

        Translation (WEB):
        and skill in all learning and wisdom

        Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
        וְהַשְׂכֵּל (wᵉhaśkēl) : conj. וְ (wᵉ) + Hiphil infinitive absolute (as substantive) of שָׂכַל (śāḵal) : and insight (BDB).
        בְּכָל־סֵפֶר (bᵉḵol-sēp̱er) : prep. בְּ (bᵉ) + construct of כֹּל (kōl) + noun סֵפֶר (sēp̱er) : in all writing/language (of the Chaldeans) (Holladay).
        וְחָכְמָה (wᵉḥoḵmâh) : conj. וְ (wᵉ) + חָכְמָה (ḥoḵmâh) : and wisdom.

        Comment


        • #49
          Daniel 1:17d (Hebrew)

          Text (BHS):
          וְדָנִיֵּאל הֵבִין בְּכָל־חָזוֹן וַחֲלֹמוֹת

          Transliteration (Accordance):
          wᵉḏānı̂ēʾl hēḇı̂n bᵉḵol-ḥāzôn waḥᵃlōmôṯ

          Translation (Collins):
          and Daniel had insight into all visions and dreams.

          Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
          וְדָנִיֵּאל (wᵉḏānı̂ēʾl) : conj. וְ (wᵉ) + proper name דָנִיֵּאל (ḏānı̂ēʾl) : and Daniel.
          הֵבִין (hēḇı̂n) : Hiphil perfect 3 m.s. of בִּין (bı̂n) : had insight.
          בְּכָל (bᵉḵol) : prep. בְּ (bᵉ) + construct of כֹּל (kōl) : into every/all.
          חָזוֹן (ḥāzôn) : singular vision.
          וַחֲלֹמוֹת (waḥᵃlōmôṯ) : conj. וְ (wᵉ) + plural of חָלַם (ḥālam) : and dreams.

          Comment


          • #50
            Daniel 1:18a (Hebrew)

            Text (BHS):
            וּלְמִקְצָת הַיָּמִים

            Transliteration (Accordance):
            ûlᵉmiqṣāṯ hayyāmı̂m

            Translation (Collins):
            At the end of the period

            Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
            וּלְמִקְצָת (ûlᵉmiqṣāṯ) : conj. וּ (û) + prep. לְ (lᵉ) + prep. מִן (min) + construct קְצָת (qᵉṣāṯ) : at the end of.
            הַיָּמִים (hayyāmı̂m) : definite article + plural of יוֹם (yôm) : the days/time/period.

            Comment


            • #51
              Daniel 1:18b (Hebrew)

              Text (BHS):
              אֲשֶׁר־אָמַר הַמֶּלֶךְ לַהֲבִיאָם

              Transliteration (Accordance):
              ʾᵃšer-ʾāmar hammeleḵ lahᵃḇı̂ʾām

              Translation (Collins):
              when the king had said to present them

              Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
              אֲשֶׁר־אָמַר (ʾᵃšer-ʾāmar) : relative אֲשֶׁר (ʾᵃšer) + Qal perfect 3 m.s. אָמַר (ʾāmar) : which [the king] had said/commanded/appointed.
              הַמֶּלֶךְ (hammeleḵ) : definite article + מֶלֶךְ (meleḵ) : the king.
              לַהֲבִיאָם (lahᵃḇı̂ʾām) : prep. לְ (lᵉ) : Hiphil infinitive construct of בּוֹא (bôʾ) + 3 m.p. suffix : for bringing them in.

              Comment


              • #52
                Daniel 1:18c (Hebrew)

                Text (BHS):
                וַיְבִיאֵם שַׂר הַסָּרִיסִים

                Transliteration (Accordance):
                wayᵉḇı̂ʾēm śar hassārı̂sı̂m

                Translation (Collins):
                the chief of the eunuchs presented them

                Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                וַיְבִיאֵם (wayᵉḇı̂ʾēm) : consecutive ו (waw) + Hiphil imperfect 3 m.s. of בּוֹא (bôʾ) + 3 m.p. suffix : and [the chief of the eunuchs] brought them in.
                שַׂר הַסָּרִיסִים (śar hassārı̂sı̂m) : construct שַׂר (śar) + definite article + plural of סָרִיס (sārı̂s) : the chief of the eunuchs.

                Comment


                • #53
                  Daniel 1:18c (Hebrew)

                  Text (BHS):
                  לִפְנֵי נְבֻכַדְנֶצַּר

                  Transliteration (Accordance):
                  lip̱nê nᵉḇuḵaḏneṣṣar

                  Translation (Collins):
                  before Nebuchadnezzar.

                  Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                  לִפְנֵי (lip̱nê) : prep. לְ (lᵉ) + plural construct of פָּנֶה (pāneh) : "to the face of" = before
                  נְבֻכַדְנֶצַּר (nᵉḇuḵaḏneṣṣar) : proper name Nebuchadnezzar..

                  Comment


                  • #54
                    Daniel 1:19a (Hebrew)

                    Text (BHS):
                    וַיְדַבֵּר אִתָּם הַמֶּלֶךְ

                    Transliteration (Accordance):
                    wayᵉḏabbēr ʾittām hammeleḵ

                    Translation (Collins):
                    The king spoke with them

                    Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                    וַיְדַבֵּר (wayᵉḏabbēr) : consecutive ו (waw) + Piel imperfect 3 m.s. of דָּבַר (dāḇar) : he spoke.
                    אִתָּם (ʾittām) : prep. אֵת (ʾēṯ) + pronominal 3 m.p. suffix : with them.
                    הַמֶּלֶךְ (hammeleḵ) : definite article + מֶלֶךְ (meleḵ) : the king.

                    Comment


                    • #55
                      Daniel 1:19b (Hebrew)

                      Text (BHS):
                      וְלֹא נִמְצָא מִכֻּלָּם

                      Transliteration (Accordance):
                      wᵉlōʾ nimṣāʾ mikkullām

                      Translation (RSV):
                      and among them all none was found

                      Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                      וְלֹא נִמְצָא (wᵉlōʾ nimṣāʾ) : conj. וְ (wᵉ) + negation לֹא (lōʾ) + Niphal perfect 3 m.s. of מָצָא (māṣāʾ) : and none was found.
                      מִכֻּלָּם (mikkullām) : prep. מִן (min) + noun כֹּל (kōl) + pronominal 3 m.p. suffix : from among them all.

                      Comment


                      • #56
                        Daniel 1:19c (Hebrew)

                        Text (BHS):
                        כְּדָנִיֵּאל חֲנַנְיָה מִישָׁאֵל וַעֲזַרְיָה

                        Transliteration (Accordance):
                        kᵉḏānı̂ēʾl ḥᵃnanyāh mı̂šāʾēl waʿᵃzaryāh

                        Translation (RSV):
                        like Daniel, Hanani′ah, Mish′a-el, and Azari′ah

                        Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                        כְּדָנִיֵּאל (kᵉḏānı̂ēʾl) : prep. כְּ (kᵉ) + proper name דָנִיֵּאל (ḏānı̂ēʾl) : like Daniel.
                        חֲנַנְיָה (ḥᵃnanyāh) : Hanani′ah.
                        מִישָׁאֵל (mı̂šāʾēl) : Mish′a-el′ah.
                        וַעֲזַרְיָה (waʿᵃzaryāh) : conj. וְ (wᵉ) + proper name עֲזַרְיָה (ʿᵃzaryāh) : Azari′ah.
                        Last edited by John Reece; 03-28-2015, 08:43 AM.

                        Comment


                        • #57
                          Daniel 1:19d (Hebrew)

                          Text (BHS):
                          וַיַּעַמְדוּ לִפְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ

                          Transliteration (Accordance):
                          wayyaʿamḏû lip̱nê hammeleḵ

                          Translation (RSV):
                          therefore they stood before the king.

                          Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                          וַיַּעַמְדוּ (wayyaʿamḏû) : consecutive ו (waw) + Qal imperfect 3 m.p. of עָמַד (ʿāmaḏ) : and they stood.
                          לִפְנֵי (lip̱nê) : before.
                          הַמֶּלֶךְ (hammeleḵ) : definite article + מֶלֶךְ (meleḵ) : the king.

                          Comment


                          • #58
                            Daniel 1:20a (Hebrew)

                            Text (BHS):
                            וְכֹל דְּבַר חָכְמַת בִּינָה

                            Transliteration (Accordance):
                            wᵉḵōl dᵉḇar ḥoḵmaṯ bı̂nāh

                            Translation (RSV):
                            And in every matter of wisdom and understanding

                            Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                            וְכֹל דְּבַר (wᵉḵōl dᵉḇar) : conj. וְ (wᵉ) + construct כֹּל (kōl) + construct of דָּבָר (dāḇār) : and in every word/matter of.
                            חָכְמַת (ḥoḵmaṯ) : construct of חָכְמָה (ḥoḵmâh) : wisdom.
                            בִּינָה (bı̂nāh) : [and] understanding.

                            Comment


                            • #59
                              Daniel 1:20b (Hebrew)

                              Text (BHS):
                              אֲשֶׁר־בִּקֵּשׁ מֵהֶם הַמֶּלֶךְ

                              Transliteration (Accordance):
                              ʾᵃšer-biqqēš mêhem hammeleḵ

                              Translation (RSV):
                              concerning which the king inquired of them

                              Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                              אֲשֶׁר־בִּקֵּשׁ (ʾᵃšer-biqqēš) : relative אֲשֶׁר (ʾᵃšer) + Piel perfect 3 m.s. of בָּקַשׁ (bāqaš) : which [the king] inquired.
                              מֵהֶם (mêhem) : prep. מִן (min) + pronominal 3 m.p. suffix הֶם (hem) : from them.
                              הַמֶּלֶךְ (hammeleḵ) : definite article + מֶלֶךְ (meleḵ) : the king.

                              Comment


                              • #60
                                Daniel 1:20c (Hebrew)

                                Text (BHS):
                                וַיִּמְצָאֵם עֶשֶׂר יָדוֹת עַל כָּל

                                Transliteration (Accordance):
                                wayyimṣāʾēm ʿeśer yāḏôṯ ʿal kol

                                Translation (NRSV):
                                he found them ten times better than all

                                Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                                וַיִּמְצָאֵם (wayyimṣāʾēm) : consecutive ו (waw) + Qal imperfect 3 m.s. of מָצָא (māṣāʾ) + pronominal 3 m.p. suffix : he found them.
                                עֶשֶׂר (ʿeśer) : numeral ten.
                                יָדוֹת (yāḏôṯ) : plural of יָד (yāḏ) : times (BDB, p. 390 4.c.).
                                עַל כָּל (ʿal kol) : prep. עַל (ʿal) + construct of כֹּל (kōl) : better than all

                                Comment

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